History of Kolkata: Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta, is one of India’s most vibrant and historically rich cities. As the capital of West Bengal, Kolkata is famous for its colonial-era architecture, literary heritage, artistic culture, and delicious street food. Known as the “City of Joy,” it is a place where old-world charm meets modern progress, making it a fascinating destination for travelers from the USA and beyond.
A Glimpse into History of Kolkata
Founded in 1690 as a trading post of the British East India Company, Kolkata became the capital of British India until 1911. During this period, the city flourished as a center of education, commerce, and culture, earning its reputation as the intellectual heart of India. Today, Kolkata remains a melting pot of history, literature, and contemporary arts.
Top Attractions in Kolkata
1. Victoria Memorial
One of Kolkata’s most iconic landmarks, the Victoria Memorial is a grand white marble structure dedicated to Queen Victoria. The museum inside showcases British colonial artifacts, paintings, and historical exhibits.
2. Howrah Bridge
A symbol of Kolkata, the Howrah Bridge is one of the world’s busiest cantilever bridges, connecting the city to Howrah Station. A visit here offers breathtaking views of the Hooghly River.
3. Dakshineswar Kali Temple
Dedicated to Goddess Kali, this temple is an important pilgrimage site. Located on the banks of the Hooghly River, it is closely associated with Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, a revered Indian saint.
4. Belur Math
Founded by Swami Vivekananda, this spiritual center blends Hindu, Christian, and Islamic architectural styles, symbolizing religious harmony.
5. Indian Museum
Established in 1814, this is India’s oldest and largest museum, featuring rare artifacts, fossils, Mughal paintings, and an Egyptian mummy.
6. Marble Palace
A well-preserved 19th-century mansion, the Marble Palace showcases stunning sculptures, chandeliers, and European paintings.
7. Park Street
Known for its lively nightlife, colonial-era restaurants, and bookstores, Park Street is a must-visit for music lovers and food enthusiasts.
8. College Street & The National Library
College Street, often called “Boi Para” (Book Town), is home to hundreds of bookshops, while The National Library of India houses millions of rare manuscripts.
Kolkata’s Food Scene: A Gastronomic Delight
Kolkata is a paradise for food lovers, offering a mix of Bengali, Mughlai, and British-inspired cuisine. Some must-try dishes include:
- Rasgulla & Mishti Doi – Famous Bengali sweets made of soft cheese balls and sweetened yogurt.
- Kathi Rolls – Kolkata’s signature street food, featuring flaky parathas filled with spiced meat or paneer.
- Macher Jhol (Fish Curry) – A staple Bengali dish cooked with mustard and spices.
- Puchka (Pani Puri) – A spicy and tangy street snack.
- Kosha Mangsho (Spicy Mutton Curry) – A slow-cooked delicacy best enjoyed with luchi (Bengali puris).
- British-Era Bakeries – Visit Flurys on Park Street for old-world pastries and English tea.
Shopping in Kolkata
- New Market – A historic market offering clothes, jewelry, and souvenirs.
- Gariahat Market – The best place to buy Bengali sarees and handicrafts.
- Dakshinapan Shopping Complex – Perfect for traditional handlooms and boutique items.History of Kolkata
Best Time to Visit Kolkata
The best time to visit is between October and March, when the weather is pleasant. If you want to experience Kolkata at its best, visit during Durga Puja (September–October), the city’s grandest festival.History of Kolkata
Kolkata vs. New York: A Cultural Comparison
Both Kolkata and New York are known for their artistic spirit, literature, and diversity:
- Cultural Hubs – Kolkata is India’s literary capital, home to Nobel laureates like Rabindranath Tagore, just as New York is a center for global arts.History of Kolkata
- Street Food – Like New York’s hot dog stands, Kolkata’s street food culture is a key part of daily life.
- Iconic Bridges – Kolkata has Howrah Bridge, while New York has the Brooklyn Bridge.History of Kolkata
Conclusion
Kolkata is not just a city; it’s an experience. From its colonial charm and artistic heritage to its street food and bustling markets, Kolkata captivates everyone who visits. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a foodie, or an explorer, the City of Joy has something unique to offer.History of Kolkata
Would you like recommendations for planning your trip to Kolkata?History of Kolkata